![]() One learns more about how these groups treat each other and to whom more power and opportunities belong. For instance, through the structural-functionalist theory, one can identify the social classes, such as the high, middle, and low classes. ![]() Through these perspectives, an individual understands the functionalist perspective, where people group according to their social classes, gender, race, and any position they hold in society. The sociological perspectives help in understanding the categorization of society into groups. There are various sociological variations among those practising yoga, just as there are variations in the functionalism and Marxism theories. Both theories are deeply rooted in society, mainly through social stratification, for instance, in grouping individuals in various social classes. Yoga relates to the functionalist and Marxist theory and focuses on society and various aspects of society, such as class, race, and gender. A capitalist society contributes to a class structure whereby the capitalist influences the different classes. Stratification contributes to social conflict. They view society in a broad perspective of what happens and affects society. Macrosociology observes society at a large scale and is the focus of Marxist and structural functionalism theories. They focus on the importance of social structures and believe that society is beyond the people living there. They relate to each other as they emphasize social institutions and focus on society. The theories use a structural Level of analysis of societal groups. Marxism and structural-functionalism are classified under macro sociology. It justifies that some deserve more power than others, and their unemployment is a normal thing to the structure of society. It justifies unemployment on how specific individuals deserve opportunities and more power than others. On the other hand, when Marxism opposes social inequality, functionalism does not see anything wrong with inequality (Lecture 6). The allowance of certain people to command greater power and opportunities than others results in unemployment, as some individuals have a lot to handle, leaving others with nothing to handle. The society's organisation allows certain groups to command more wealth and opportunities, which results in a lack of opportunities for other groups. It figures unemployment as a form of inequality to equalize and opportunities shared for all. Marxism believes in social equality, where opportunities should be shared equally among all people in society. Marxist theory affirms that social stratification benefits specific individuals at the expense of others, whereas functionalists argue that social stratification benefits society. Those in the lowest social class remain unemployed, while most opportunities go to higher social classes. The struggle to maintain the social classes results in unemployment. Functionalists argue that there must be those different classifications for a balance in society (Lecture 3 & Lecture 6). In functionalism, people are grouped into social classes, from those in the highest social class to the middle class and then the lowest social class. ![]() The production units hire whomever they choose to hire, and due to the scarcity of these units, there is a turnout of low employment, resulting in unemployment. The means of production are owned privately in most cases and are therefore scarce. Capitalists are significant contributors to unemployment through surplus value, forcing labourers to work exceedingly on a job without the rightful pay instead of hiring more workers to complete the task or paying more to the workers. According to Carl Marx, unemployment comes from instability in the capitalist production system. Marxism argues that unemployment comes from capitalism, whereas functionalists argue that unemployment balances society. Functionalism characterizes society as full of harmony and stability, while Marxism characterizes society as a conflicting environment between the social classes. The structural functionalism theory and the Marxism theory have similarities and differences in the thinking adopted by the responsible philosophers.Ī significant difference between the two theories is how they view society differently. The theory focuses on the struggles between the capitalists and the working class. Marxism theory is a theory by Karl Marx which argues that there are two sides to something. To study society, one needs to look beyond the individuals and look at the social facts such as laws, morals, culture, and beliefs. ![]() Structural functionalism is a sociological theory that views society as a structure equipped with interrelated parts meant to fulfil the needs of individuals in society. ![]()
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